Hello
i got the same situation.
the brconnect was running fine from unix session.
but from Db13 i had this message.
our issue was the version of the brconnect.
from unix it was running brconnect from /usr/sap/SID/SYS/exe/run as on DB13 it was running from /usr/sap/SID/ASCS01/exe.
don't know why but the version was not the same and old in ASCS01 dir.
May be the version of brconnect you have is not ok vor oracle 12.
hope it will help
best regards
Patrice